Abstract
The issue of the formation of iron hydroxides in deep horizons of the vertical weathering crust of the Saksagan iron-ore strip of the Kryvyi Rih basin (the Yuvileina Mine) has been studied. А stable presence of iron hydroxides in the ore strata has been revealed at considerable depths (1300-1400 m) using the method of traditional microscopy and phase analysis of iron. They are represented by goethite. Ontogenic observations have identified four main varieties of goethite. Each variety is characterized by their own forms, conditions and method of formation such as: pseudomorphic, dispersed (earthy), colloform, cementing ones. It was found that martite aggregates were the only source of iron for all four varieties. It has been proven that the depth factor, by itself, does not determine the formation of goethite. The formation of the necessary physical and chemical parameters in the system of mineralogenesis is of decisive importance. Iron hydroxides were suggested to be considered as hypergene-metasomatic formations in the abyssal weathering crust.
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