Abstract
Acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) use acoustic energy directed along narrow beams for current measurement. The technique of measuring water velocity is widely studied in which the frequency estimation algorithm is a key factor. Conventional method has limitations in some instances, for an example, the quantity of sampling affects the precision of fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm which qualifies the system storage capacity highly. It can't be avoided under most circumstances. Furthermore, FFT algorithm doesn't work well while the quantity of data is small. A novel frequency estimator-enhanced least mean square (ELMS) algorithm for a single complex sinusoid in complex white Gauss noise is proposed in ADCP system. Experimental results indicate that it needs less data than conventional FFT algorithm. At the same time, the robust algorithm can estimate the spectrum value efficiently when the SNR is 0 dB.
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