Abstract
The use of high-temperature fuel cells as a power technology can improve the efficiency of electricity generation and achieve near-zero emissions of carbon dioxide. This work explores the performance of a 10 kW high-temperature molten carbonate fuel cell. The key materials of a single cell were characterized and analyzed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the pore size of the key electrode material is 6.5 µm and the matrix material is α-LiAlO2. Experimentally, the open circuit voltage of the single cell was found to be 1.23 V. The current density was greater than 100 mA/cm2 at an operating voltage of 0.7 V. The 10 kW fuel cell stack comprised 80 single fuel cells with a total area of 2000 cm2 and achieved an open circuit voltage of greater than 85 V. The fuel cell stack power and current density could reach 11.7 kW and 104.5 mA/cm2 at an operating voltage of 56 V. The influence and long-term stable operation of the stack were also analyzed and discussed. The successful operation of a 10 kW high-temperature fuel cell promotes the large-scale use of fuel cells and provides a research basis for future investigations of fuel cell capacity enhancement and distributed generation in China.
Highlights
In recent years, with restrictions of carbon emissions globally, increasing numbers of countries have changed their coal utilization technologies
It is critical to improve the efficiency of coal power generation and reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and pollutants in the process of energy transformation
IGFC systems based on MCFCs and SOFCs have been demonstrated (Campanari et al 2016; Samanta and Ghosh 2017; Wolfersdorf and Meyer 2017; Mu et al 2018; Slater et al 2018), it is clear that the fuel cell integrated CO2 capture process is a promising route, and will be more effective if fuel cell technology can be commercialized (Wang et al 2020)
Summary
With restrictions of carbon emissions globally, increasing numbers of countries have changed their coal utilization technologies. It is critical to improve the efficiency of coal power generation and reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and pollutants in the process of energy transformation (Mehrpooya et al 2017; Zhang 2018; Xu. The technology of integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power generation, based on integrated gasification fuel cells (IGFCs), can greatly improve coal power efficiency and carbon dioxide capture (Duan et al 2015; Torabi et al 2016; Dong et al 2019; Wang et al 2020) and achieve near-zero emissions of carbon dioxide and pollutants. IGCC power generation is still at a conceptual stage in China (Ku et al 2018) but it may be possible to move toward a practical demonstration of IGFCs in the decade, with current progress in fuel cell technology. MCFCs can be combined with gas or steam turbines to achieve combined heat and power, with improved energy utilization and conversion effectiveness (Tano and Makino 2017)
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