Studies on the Effect of Minor Glass Additives on the Sintering and Dielectric Properties of Barium Titanate

Abstract

The sintering temperature of barium titanate was reduced to 110°C by using low melting glasses like BaO—B2O3 and highly polarizable glasses like Bi2O3–B2O3 and PbO—B2O3 which were added in BaTiO3 up to a maximum of 10 wt%. Addition of low melting glass powder accelerated densification by liquid phase sintering. Sintering kinetics have been followed through the density data. Higher density and dielectric constant were obtained for BaTiO3 containing BaO—B2O3 glass, sintered at 1100°C, than those observed for pure BaTiO3 sintered at 1300°C for the same duration. Even though the sintering temperature of BaTiO3 was reduced by 200°C by addition of BaO—B2O3 glass, its dielectric properties were found to be better. A decrease in density and hence decrease in dielectric constant at higher glass content might be the result of trapped gases and excess vitreous phase.