Abstract
Essential oils from the aerial part of Salvia officinalis L., grown in Addis Ababa and Wondo genet regions of Ethiopia, were isolated by hydrodistillation to yield 0.99 and 1.2 mL/100 g on dry weight, respectively. Fifty-one compounds representing 96.36 and 91.47 % of the oils, respectively, were identified by GC-FID and GC-MS. The major constituents in both samples were trans-thujone (19.98-26.42 %), 1,8-cineole (16.63-21.65 %) and camphor (12.98-17.58 %). The oils were assessed for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against 21 bacterial and 4 fungal strains using the disk diffusion method. Escherichia coli strains were most susceptible (MIC = 10-25 mg/mL) with viable cells dropping to zero CFU/mL after 13.5-14 hours of exposure to 200 mg/mL of the oils. Furthermore, the oils demonstrated potent radical scavenging potential (IC50 = 4.47-4.65 μg/mL) in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picyryhydrazil (DPPH) assay. In light of the above results, the essential oil from S. officinalis grown in Ethiopia may have the potential to serve as natural preservative.
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