Abstract

A combination of 1H, 11B, and 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy is used to determine the identity, structure, and stability of compounds present in the aqueous glucarate–borate–calcium(II) system. Borate ester formation was found to occur preferbly at the threo-3,4-position of glucarate. Two diastereoisomeric borate diesters of glucarate are the major calcium(II) co-ordinating species. Each borate diester contains two calcium(II) co-ordinating sites consisting of two carboxylate groups, two borate ester ring oxygens, and, depending on the α-CHOH configurations, up to two α-hydroxy groups. The overall calcium(II) co-ordinating strength of both borate diester diastereoisomers of glucarate is about equal, whereas this is not the case for the arabinonate diastereoisomers.

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