Student physical activity, lesson context, and teacher behaviour in preschool movement activity practices

The purpose of this study was to test for reciprocal relations between physical self-concept (PSC) and participation in physical activity (PA). We hypothesized specific bidirectional relations between PSC dimensions (i.e., perceived endurance, sport competence, and strength and body attractiveness) and participation in corresponding types of PA (i.e., aerobic exercise, team or individual sports, and strength training). Data were gathered from a questionnaire administered to 386 college students on two occasions (3-month interval) to assess PSC and participation in PA. Structural equation modeling revealed significant paths between each PSC dimension and a corresponding type of PA. Students reported more frequent participation in a specific PA when their PSC concerning the activity was high. However, participation in a given PA did not predict subsequent PSC in the corresponding PA, suggesting unidirectional effects of previous PSC on subsequent participation in PA. These results suggest that strategies that contribute to reinforce PSC are primordial and should be targeted as key components for designing effective PA behavior change interventions among college students.

Recently, there has been a burgeoning fascination with the influence of urban green spaces (UGS) on physical activity (PA) and health. This interest has been accompanied by a mounting body of evidence that establishes a connection between UGS and residents’ PA levels. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the significance of UGS and have generally agreed on their connection with health. However, there is still considerable variation in viewpoints regarding the intermediate factors contributing to this association. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the potential correlation between different qualitative factors of UGS and PA. The study involved the collection of data from four parks located in Edinburgh. Four trained observers utilised the Environmental Assessment of Public Recreational Spaces (EARPS Mini) tool to code various environmental characteristics. Additionally, the Method for Observing Physical Activity and Wellbeing (MOHAWk) observation tool was employed to code instances of on-site incivility and the characteristics and behaviours of residents engaging in UGS activities. The results of this study show that the facilities and environment, area and socioeconomic status (SES) of UGS positively affect the type of PA and the level of PA, as well as influence residents’ attentiveness to the environment and their interactions with each other. Demographics such as gender and age group are also significantly related to the level and type of PA. Significant differences in the level and type of PA, and race only differed significantly in the choice of activity type. These results suggest that the quality of the UGS environment affects the level, type, and status of PA among residents and that resident characteristics also have an impact. Future research suggests increasing data collection related to PA frequency and PA duration and considering longitudinal observations over time for refinement.

SummaryObjectiveThere is diverse results on the association between physical activity and sleep. So this study investigated association of level and type of physical activity with short term insomnia among college students.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among college students in India. The sample was 662 students with 359 males and 303 females. The predictor variables were type and level of physical activity and predicted variables were sleep complaints.Physical activity components were aseesesed through international physical activity questionnaire and sleep complaints using Pitsburg sleep questionnaire. The binary logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05 for all the analysis.ResultsThe age (mean + SD) of the participants were 23.2 ± 3.5 years. The self reported symptoms of short trem insomnia such as global sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio(AOR) = 15.58), subjective sleep quality (AOR = 6.01), sleep latency (AOR = 5.09), sleep duration (AOR = 0.13), sleep disturbances (AOR = 4.88), day time sleep dysfunction (AOR = 5.59) had shown association with level of physical activity. There was no association of type of physical activity with any other predicted variables.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study supports that level of physical activity is a key predictor of short term insomnia symptoms among college students. There should be Interventions to maintain and improve the level of physical activity among students.

Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities: evidence report of independent panel to assess the role of physical activity in the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities.

It is known that physical activity is beneficial for the prevention of osteoarthritis (OA), but specific discussions on which types and levels of physical activity are more effective in reducing the incidence of OA are restricted. This study is aimed at exploring the correlation concerning the types of physical activity, levels of physical activity, and the incidence of OA by assessing the participation in five typical forms of physical activity (vigorous work activity, vigorous recreational activity, moderate work activity, moderate recreational activity, and walking or bicycling). Cross-sectional study was conducted. Self-reported data on specific types of physical activity were obtained from individuals in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2020 with the use of the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ). The incidence of OA was assessed through the "Health Conditions" questionnaire section of NHANES. Weighted logistic regression analysis was employed to study the correlation between physical activity types and levels, and the incidence of OA. Different kinds of physical activity and physical activity levels have varying impacts on the incidence of OA. Among the types of physical activity, vigorous recreational activity and moderate recreational activity are found to have a preventive effect on OA. In terms of physical activity levels, low physical activity levels of moderate work activity are associated with an increased risk of OA, while moderate physical activity levels are confirmed to have a protective effect against OA in the age groups of 20–44 and 45–64. However, gender-stratified analyses reveal that both low and moderate physical activity levels provide protection against OA in males, with moderate physical activity levels showing a more significant protective effect.

This study aims to identify the current status and relationship between physical activity (PA), mental health, and suicidal behavior among Korean adolescents and recommend appropriate PA types and levels to lower the risk of mental health problems and suicidal behavior among adolescents. This study used the frequency of participation, three mental health factors, and four suicidal behavior factors, according to the seven types of PA, Vigorous PA (VPA), Strength training, Walks, PA on the move, and Physical education questions that 51,636 Korean adolescents responded to in the data of the 18th Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey in 2022. The results showed that physical activity levels and the mental health of female adolescents were the lowest, and the experience rate of suicidal behavior was the highest. Physical activity level and mental health were negative in the upper grades, and the experience rate of suicidal behavior was higher in the lower grades. Thus, the study proposes the following: To lower the overall risk of mental health and suicidal behavior experienced by adolescents, it is effective to encourage them to participate in physical activities which have higher exercise intensities than the Low-level Physical Activity (LPA) type of Walks and PA on the move.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the physical activity efficacy and physical activity of the middle school students, according to gender and to analyze the relationship between them. Material: The study group consisted of a total of 701 students from three public secondary schools, 343 of whom were female and 358 were male students. In order to determine the physical activity efficacy of the students, the Physical Activity Efficacy Scale was used, while the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children was used for establishing the level of physical activity. In evaluating the data, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson correlation tests were used as statistical methods. Results: According to the data obtained by the study, the students’ physical activity efficacy was found to be good, with no difference between the females and the males (p>0.05). The students’ physical activity level was average, while the males were found to be physically more active than the females (p<0.05). A positive correlation was found between the physical activity efficacy and the physical activity of the students (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, physical activities should be increased during the time of the middle school, which is a part of the period of adolescence. Besides, in order to enhance their physical activity efficacy, the adolescents should be provided with physical activity environments.

Comprehensive evaluation of accelerometer-based physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis - The influence of disability status and its impact on walking capacity.

BackgroundAdolescent physical activity (PA) levels track into adulthood. However it is not known if type of PA participated in during adolescence is associated with PA levels later in life. We aimed to identify natural groupings of types of PA and to assess whether number of years participating in these different groupings during adolescence is related to PA level in early adulthood.Methods673 adolescents in Montreal, Canada, age 12–13 years at baseline (54 % female), reported participation in 29 physical activities every 3 months over 5 years (1999–2005). They also reported their PA level at age 24 years (2011–12). PA groupings among the 29 physical activities were identified using factor analysis. The association between number of years participating in each grouping during adolescence and PA level at age 24 was estimated using linear regression within a general estimating equation framework.ResultsThree PA groupings were identified: “sports”, “fitness and dance”, and “running”. There was a positive linear relationship between number of years participating in sports and running in adolescence and PA level at age 24 years (β (95 % confidence interval) = 0.09 (0.04-0.15); 0.08 (0.01-0.15), respectively). There was no relationship between fitness and dance in adolescence and PA level at age 24.ConclusionsThe association between PA participation in adolescence and PA levels in young adulthood may be specific to certain PA types and to consistency of participation during adolescence. Results suggest that efforts to establish the habit of participation in sports and running in adolescence may promote higher PA levels in adulthood.

Physical Activity Measures in the Healthy Communities Study.

This study was conducted to compare of obesity and physical activity level of secondary school children in private school and public schools. Total 697 students consisting of 342 girls and 355 boys participated voluntarily in this study. Physical Activity Questionnaire for children was used to determine physical activity levels and height-weight measurement was performed to determine body mass index. It was found that the overweight ratio was %9.49 of girls in public secondary schools while the ratio of overweight girls was %18.40 in private schools. The boys' over weight ratios were %23.58 in public schools while the ratio of overweight was % 27.5 in private schools. Significant differences were found between BMI and weight parameters of private and public secondary schools. No difference was found in physical activity levels of private and public school student. Moreover, there was no correlation between physical activity levels and BMI variables of students in private and public school according to gender . The physical activity levels of secondary school children’ should be increased.

Mindsets predict physical activity and management strategies in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

This study examined the relationships between job-related factors and overall physical activity (PA), including its subdivisions: leisure-time PA, transportation PA, and work-related PA. Additionally, this study investigated the associations between exercise intentions and different types of PA. A cross-sectional design was employed, utilizing a questionnaire to collect data on participants' demographics, job-related characteristics, exercise intentions, and levels of PA. A total of 400 full-time workers voluntarily participated in this study. The findings identified women, white-collar workers, those with longer working hours, and individuals with low exercise intentions as high-risk groups for insufficient overall PA in multiple linear regression analysis. After controlling for covariates, occupation was found to be associated with both overall PA (β = 0.146) and work-related PA (β = 0.236). Shift workers exhibited higher levels of work-related PA (β = 0.234). Furthermore, exercise intentions showed associations with overall PA (β = 0.243), leisure-time PA (β = 0.523), and transportation PA (β = 0.176) but did not demonstrate a significant relationship with work-related PA. This study highlights the importance of implementing comprehensive approaches in workplace health promotion programs aimed at enhancing various types of PA. Strategies should focus on improving exercise intentions to boost leisure-time and transportation PA, while work-related PA requires tailored interventions based on job-specific factors.

Objective: To compare physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep behaviors before and during the mandatory preventive social isolation (ASPO, for its acronym in Spanish) due to COVID-19 among children attending public and private primary schools in the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area. Methods: A total of 379 adult caregivers of children attending public and private primary schools completed an online survey on PA, ST, and sleep behaviors before and during ASPO. School type was used as an indicator of socioeconomic status, with private schools’ students considered more privileged than public schools’ students. Results: For both groups, ASPO resulted in a reduction in PA (-43%) and an increase in ST (79.9%). Children attending private schools had the worst results, since they started with better behaviors (PA pre vs during: 3.5 ± 1.3 vs 1.9 ± 2.0 days/week; ST pre vs during: 2.1 ± 0.6 vs 3.8 ± 1.0 days/week) compared to the children attending public schools (PA pre vs during: 3.1 ± 1.8 vs 1.8 ± 1.5 days/week; ST pre vs during: 2.4 ± 0.9 vs 3.6 ± 1.3 days/week). Sleep increased by 7.6% with a shift towards later bed and wake-up times, with public schools’ students being more affected. Conclusion: ASPO restrictions led to unfavorable changes in PA, ST and sleep behaviors among children attending public schools and private schools. ASPO evened out the pre-pandemic differences between public schools and private schools’ students in PA and ST behaviors.

Introduction: Scoliosis is a structural deformity of the spine whose prevalence may be influenced by socioeconomic factors and physical activity levels. Previous evidence suggests that physical inactivity could be a risk factor in adolescents.Objective: To analyze and quantify the prevalence of scoliosis in students aged 12–16 years from public and private schools in Santiago, Chile, and to explore its association with physical activity levels. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 81 adolescents (48.1% male; 51.9% female). The mean age was 15.28 ± 0.85 years, with an average height of 163.8 ± 6.9 cm and mean weight of 66.0 ± 12.2 kg. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and four evaluation tools were used: Adams Forward Bend Test, scoliometer, Spine Screen mobile application, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).Results: A positive Adams Test was found in 43.2% of participants, while 14.8% showed out-of-range alterations in Spine Screen. According to IPAQ, 25.9% reported low physical activity, 51.9% moderate, and 22.2% high. A significant association was found between lower physical activity and scoliosis presence (p = 0.025 in Adams Test; p = 0.020 in Spine Screen). Furthermore, scoliosis prevalence was higher in public school students (54.3%) compared to private school students (34.8%) (p = 0.043). Conclusions: These findings suggest that lower levels of physical activity are associated with a higher prevalence of scoliosis in adolescents, particularly in public school settings. The results highlight the need for preventive strategies to promote structured physical activity in school environments with limited access.