Structure patterns in cluster knowledge networks: the case of the Spanish ceramic tile cluster

Abstract

Clusters have received a great deal of attention in economic literature. The aim of this paper is to find out which type of firms feed these clusters with knowledge and what is the influence of their network capabilities on this matter. Questions are addressed using empirical evidence collected in the specific context of the Spanish ceramic tile cluster where its knowledge network is built through a sample of 166 companies. Individual firm data are then analyzed using a combination of network analysis and multivariant techniques. Overall results confirm the explanatory capacity of the selected factors highlighting the positive effects of external linkages, productive activities, and brokering activities on knowledge sourcing skills. Our study goes beyond simply acknowledging the importance and diffusion of knowledge in clusters. In fact, findings of the research question the simple and direct effect of physical proximity on firm knowledge acquisition and exploitation. These results have also implications on cluster policy promoting access to local knowledge networks. In fact, knowing the characteristics of the firms acting as sources of knowledge to feed the cluster may provide useful insights on how to design better services for potential users. We acknowledge the specificities of the analyzed industry and the urgent need for more empirical evidence covering different sectors to strengthen the robustness of the analysis. This should encourage future research along with themes like the role of local institutions and supporting organizations and the different types of cluster-internal networks.