Abstract
1. After high-speed hardening of spring steels, the martensite is characterized by smaller size of crystals, predominantly of twinned type, high level of distortions, higher content of carbon but with its greater concentrational nonuniformity than after ordinary hardening with furnace heating. 2. A decisive influence on the properties of spring steels, in particular on the resistance to small plastic deformations (elastic limit σ0.005), is exerted by residual austenite if contained in their structure, therefore after subzero treatment of hardened steel σ0.005 greatly increases. 3. After high-speed hardening and subsequent high-speed tempering the maxima of the elastic and fatigue limits are attained with equal tempering time, viz., 3 sec, because of the decisive influence of the development of processes of microplastic deformations on these properties. To attain maximal relaxation resistance, greater stability of the structure and correspondingly longer high-speed tempering is required.
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