Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanotubes perpendicular to the substrate were obtained by electrochemical oxidation of titanium foil in an acid electrolyte. In order to alter the crystallinity and the morphology of films the as-anodized amorphous TiO2 nanotube films were sintered at elevated temperatures. The evolution of the morphology was visualized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the crystalline structure was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The chemical composition was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of crystallinity and morphology of TiO2 nanotube (NTs) films on photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) in an aqueous solution under UV light irradiation were also investigated. The TiO2 nanotubes sintered at 650?C for 30 min had the highest degree of crystallinity and exhibited the best photocatalytic activity among the studied TiO2 nanotube films.
Highlights
Processes for sustainable environmental protection, such as wastewater treatment, air purification and decomposition of undesirable compounds have become a great demand in modern society
The evolution of the morphology was visualized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the crystalline structure was investigated by Xray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy
The anodization of Ti foil is a promising approach to fabricating vertically oriented TiO2 nanotube arrays directly grown on the Ti substrate, without a template
Summary
Processes for sustainable environmental protection, such as wastewater treatment, air purification and decomposition of undesirable compounds have become a great demand in modern society. Photocatalyst has been introduced with the aim of developing clean chemical processes and environmentally friendly materials that will degrade harmful pollutants into non-toxic substances. Photocatalysts are semiconductors that use the energy of light to facilitate the decay of organic and inorganic pollutants. Among the variety of semiconductors, such as TiO2, ZnO [1], ZrO [2], ZnS [3], MoS2 [4], titanium dioxide has become the most commonly used photoinduced catalyst due to its strong oxidizing capacity [5], chemical stability, nontoxicity and photocorrosion resistance. A high specific surface area and a unidirectional channel for charge carrier transport can be achieved by synthesizing one-dimensional nanoarrays. This provides a faster electron transport, reducing carrier recombination and improving photocatalytic activity [6]
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