Abstract
The structural modulation of perovskite-like layered cuprates can be explained if a two-dimensional (2D) electron-hole lattice can be realized on the layer boundary where the electrons and holes are transferred on the boundary plane to stabilize local polarization mainly caused by the ion displacement in the c-axis direction. If the charge-transfer energy is small enough compared with 1 eV, it is found that the total energy of the 2D square lattice of a doubly occupied state is lower than that of a singly occupied one.
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