Abstract
Nuclear power plants (NPPs) are considered as the main source for generating electricity nowadays in some countries. The effect of impact of heavy fully loaded aeroplane such as (Boeing 747-200c) causes leakage of the radiation through the cracks generated on the external RC containment of NPPs, and this leads to severe damage for humans and cities. In this research paper, external RC containment is modeled using ANSYS and hit by Boeing 747-200c which is the heavier aeroplane compared to other jets and causes severe damage for external RC containment. In addition, the impact location for Boeing 747-200c is considered at 30 m vertical height. RC containment response was studied after the impact of an aeroplane and a proposed structural health monitoring technique is applied using embedded sensors in order to detect and locate the embedded cracks that is generated due to the effect of impact of heavy aeroplane. It was concluded that RC containment is intact except for the impact region which is damaged. An experimental program was applied on a part of the element in ANSYS which is away from the impact region. Four specimens were cast using heavy weight concrete in laboratory. Three cracked specimens consist of different lengths of vertical cracks which represent different times of impact in order to replicate crack propagation as in ANSYS. The cracks are simulated inside laboratory specimens using failure criteria. The parameters used in detecting the cracks for specimens are the percentage change in electrical resistivity and Decimal Logarithm Resistivity Anisotropy (DLRA) at which they give a good indication for the presence of the crack.
Highlights
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is defined as monitoring the integrity of structures and detecting the damage in real-time
From the impact of an aeroplane Boeing 747-200c, this region come outside the plane of the Reinforced Concrete (RC) containment which act as a rigid support, the chosen element carried vertical and horizontal cracks in direction perpendicular to horizontal tangential and vertical of cylinder respectively are as shown in Figure and Figure
Inner electrical resistivity is used as structural health monitoring technique in order to test typical RC containment wall and detect the cracks inside the core of concrete wall by using red copper sensors
Summary
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is defined as monitoring the integrity of structures and detecting the damage in real-time. There are different techniques which can assess the health monitoring of RC structures using different tools such as dynamic response measurements, strain variations and variations in electrical resistivity in concrete. Electrical resistivity measurements measure the damage propagation in concrete and the corrosion of steel reinforcement [1]. Structural health monitoring is continuous real-time data which are collected for studying the damage propagation in RC structures. Electrical resistivity is considered as a non-destructive testing method for Reinforced Concrete (RC) elements and can be used in detecting cracks [2] [3]. Electrical conductivity can be used to detect and monitor crack initiation and propagation in concrete [2]. Electrical resistivity of concrete is related to the microstructure of the cement matrix, its pore structure and pore size distribution [4]. Concrete electrical resistivity is a geometry independent material property that describes the electrical resistance, the ratio between the applied voltage and the resulting current in unit cell geometry [6]
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