Abstract
Imidazolium salts with various alkyl side chains and counter anions were synthesized. The conversion of CO2 to N-heterocyclic carbene-CO2 adducts (NHC-CO2) were achieved by in situ electroreduction of the imidazolium salts under CO2 atmosphere. The yield of NHC-CO2 decreases with the increase of steric effect of alkyl side chains, which is attributed to the decrease of reactivity of NHCs in the case of strong steric effect. The hydrogen bond accepting ability of anion has a substantial effect on the conversion of CO2. The high ability of anion to establish hydrogen bond favors the conversion of CO2. A good correlation between hydrogen bond accepting abilities of anions and yields of NHC-CO2 was demonstrated.
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