Abstract

High-resistant coatings obtained by thermochemical methods are almost always characterized by the presence of such macroscopic defects as voids and inclusions and by quite high levels of residual tensile and compressive macrostresses. We deduce statistical equations aimed at the description of the characteristics of the distribution of density of structural heterogeneities in terms of the density of defects. We establish physical and geometric regularities of the surface damage to thermodiffusion coatings caused in the process of sliding friction. It is shown that structural heterogeneity significantly affects the process of cracking. According to the data of fractographic analysis of the wearing surfaces of coatings, cracks are initiated on macrodefects, propagate to the nearest inclusion or pore, and close there. In coatings with heterogeneous structure, cracking induced by friction is characterized by a certain shape of the cracked cavity with predominance of quadrangle configurations for thermodiffusion layers. We propose a physical model for the analysis of concentration macrostresses in the operating zones of structural macrodefects.

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