Abstract
The present study investigates the influence of cobalt doping on the structural and magnetic properties of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by a simple wet chemical method. The single phase anatase structure of Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction. A morphological study using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy indicates the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles of sizes 6–10 nm. The high resolution TEM image shows clear lattice fringes indicating the highly crystalline nature of the nanoparticles which was further analysed by selected area electron diffraction pattern which indicates a polycrystalline nature of anatase TiO2. The shifting and broadening of the most intense Eg (1) mode in micro-Raman study of Co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and XPS spectra indicate the incorporation of Co in TiO2. Magnetic measurement shows ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature in undoped TiO2 which has originated due to the presence of oxygen vacancies which are intrinsic in nature. But the M–H curve of Co-doped TiO2 shows the coexistence of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases with enhanced magnetization. The enhancement in magnetization has arisen due to Co doping and the paramagnetism may be due to the presence of some undetected clusters of oxides of cobalt.
Highlights
Dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS)[1] formed by doping a sizable amount of transition metal into a semiconductor have been of great interest to researchers due to their possible applications in spintronics[2] devices like spin light-emitting diodes, spin eld effect transistors and spin qubits for quantum computers and spin-based memory devices like MRAM3–6 in which both the spin and the charge of the electrons can be used
Spherical shaped nanoparticles can be seen from un-doped sample while agglomeration of particles making big clusters can be seen in Co-doped samples
In uence of cobalt doping on the structural and magnetic properties of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by a simple wet chemical method was investigated
Summary
III-V based DMS such as GaN, GaSb, InAs9–12 and oxide-based DMS such as ZnO, TiO2, SnO2, In2O3 etc[13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]. Paper in oxide based DMS has been observed as an intrinsic property induced by defects such as oxygen vacancy and titanium vacancy.[43,44,45] Karthik et al.[46] reported FM at RT in Co-doped TiO2 and observed the dependence of magnetic behaviour on dopant concentration while Choudhury et al.[28] reported ferromagnetic coupling between two dopant ions arising due to oxygen vacancy. In this study, undoped and Co-doped anatase TiO2 NPs have been prepared by a simple cost effective chemical route whose structural, morphological and magnetic properties have been studied
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