Abstract
The aim of the study was to clarify the morphological and functional changes in the liver under the effect of sodium tetraborate.Material and methods. Morphological and functional characteristics of the liver of white outbred rats under single and long-term exposure to sodium tetraborate were studied using histological, histochemical, immunocytochemical and morphometric methods. Experimental animals were divided into 2 groups. Animals of the first group once intragastrically administered sodium tetraborate at a dose of LD50, animals of the second group daily for a month administered sodium tetraborate at a dose of 1/10 LD50. Animals of the first group were removed from the experiment a day after the introduction of sodium tetraborate, animals of the second group – 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after the start of the experiment.Results. Both single and long-term exposure to sodium tetraborate in the liver lobules marked multiple focal death of hepatocytes, microcirculation, bile stagnation in the biliary tract. The degree of damage and death of hepatocytes increases from the periphery to the center of the lobule. With prolonged exposure to sodium tetraborate in the first half of the experiment, stagnation of the blood elements in the capillaries was rare, and with an increase in the duration of the experiment (from 7 to 30 days), the proportion of intra-lobular sinusoid capillaries with stagnation of the shaped elements in them increased and more than half of the capillaries showed stagnation of the blood elements in them. Destructive changes in the liver were more pronounced when exposed to sodium tetraborate at a dose of LD50.Conclusion. In the conditions of low concentrations of sodium tetraborate in the liver, both destructive processes and transformations aimed at compensating for damage occur. With an increase in the dose of sodium tetraborate, the adaptive capabilities of the organ are exhausted and do not compensate for the damage to the cell structures of the organ.
Highlights
Animals of the first group were removed from the experiment a day after the introduction of sodium tetraborate, animals of the second group – 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after the start of the experiment
The degree of damage and death of hepatocytes increases from the periphery to the center of the lobule
Destructive changes in the liver were more pronounced when exposed to sodium tetraborate at a dose of LD50
Summary
Животным первой группы однократно внутрижелудочно вводили тетраборат натрия в дозе ЛД50, животным второй группы ежедневно в течение месяца вводили тетраборат натрия в дозе 1/10 ЛД50. Животных первой группы выводили из опыта через сутки после введения тетрабората натрия, животных второй группы – через 7, 14, 21 и 30 сут после начала опыта. Так и при длительном воздействии тетрабората натрия в дольках печени отмечаются множественная очаговая гибель гепатоцитов, нарушение микроциркуляции, застой желчи в желчевыводящих путях. При длительном воздействии тетрабората натрия в первую половину эксперимента стаз форменных элементов крови в капиллярах встречался редко, а с увеличением сроков эксперимента (с 7 до 30 суток) доля синусоидных капилляров с застоем форменных элементов возрастала. Деструктивные изменения в печени были более выраженными при воздействии препарата в дозе ЛД50. При воздействии низких концентраций тетрабората натрия в печени развиваются как деструктивные, так и компенсаторно-приспособительные морфогенетические изменения. The aim of the study was to clarify the morphological and functional changes in the liver under the effect of sodium tetraborate
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