Structural and catalytic studies of Six-Membered amino N-Heterocyclic carbene palladium (II) complexes with a triazine backbone for Suzuki coupling reaction

Abstract

This work enhances to our understanding of the triazine ligand’s impact on the catalytic activity of N-heterocyclic carbene palladium complexes in Suzuki coupling reactions. All synthesized Pd complexes were characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis. A series of mononuclear, structurally defined six-membered ring NHC palladium complexes supported by various donor ligands were synthesized, and the Suzuki coupling reactions were performed under mild conditions. The results showed that the nitrogen-based ligand outperformed other ligands in terms of yield, highlighting its potential for further development and optimization. The Suzuki coupling reactions were carried out in air and at ambient temperature or 70 °C, depending on whether aryl bromides or aryl chlorides were used as substrates, yielding moderate to high yields in a short time.