Abstract
316L stainless steel is being extensively employed as structural material in infrastructural, automotive, aerospace, and nuclear energy applications. However, one of the major drawbacks which limits its wider applications is its low yield strength (170-300 MPa in annealed state). We explored the strengthening of 316L stainless steel with dispersed ceramic particles through selective laser melting (SLM). The feedstock, powder mixture of 316L powder and ceramic particles, was mixed using low energy ball milling process. This method has a neglectable change on powder’s flowability and shape. Results showed that the ceramic particles were uniformly dispersed in the 316L matrix after SLM. In the meantime, the grain size of the 316L was significantly refined. Tensile tests showed that the yield strength of the strengthened 316L was increased about 40% (from 599 to 832 MPa). Meanwhile, the 316L stainless steel with dispersed ceramic particles has a good combination of high strength and ductility. The strength enhancement is primarily attributed to grain refinement and Orowan strengthening. These findings offer a new perspective on the strengthening of 316L stainless steel.
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