Stratigraphy, correlation, and industrial-geophysical characteristics of the triassic deposits of the Seghendyk depression (Southern Mangyshlak)

Geothermal resources assessment in Hawaii

Temperature memory effect in TiNi-based shape memory alloys

An incomplete thermal cycle upon heating in a shape memory alloy (arrested at a temperature between A s and A f ) induced a kinetic stop in the next complete thermal cycle. The kinetic stop temperature is closely related to the previous arrested temperature. This phenomenon is named temperature memory effect (TME). In this article, the TME in two-way shape memory TiNiCu and TiNi springs was investigated by performing either a single incomplete cycle, or a sequence of incomplete cycles. N points of temperatures could be memorized if N times of incomplete cycles on heating were performed with different arrested temperatures in a decreasing order. The capability is enhanced by performing repetitive incomplete cycles with the same temperature, and the TME can be eliminated by appropriate complete transformation cycle. The TME is originated from the relaxation of both the strain energy between martensite and coherent strain between parent phase and martensite.

What caused the denudation of the Menderes Massif: Review of crustal evolution, lithosphere structure, and dynamic topography in southwest Turkey

Carbonate rocks of the Triassic deposits of the South Mangyshlak basin are investigated in this paper for their boundary values, which are important for interpretation of field geophysical data as well as perforation and blasting. Based on their lithological composition, Triassic deposits are classified as either terrigenous or carbonate reservoirs. Carbonate reservoirs are found in the Middle Triassic strata containing volcanogenic dolomite and volcanogenic limestone rocks. A complex type of reservoir characterizes these rocks: porous-fractured, porous-cavernous, and fractured. Upper Triassic sediments are formed by the intercalation of tuffaceous, siltstone-sandy, and mudstone rocks overlying Middle Triassic sedimentary rocks. Oil deposits are confined to polymictic sandstones, which are oil-saturated to varying degrees. In order to substantiate the quantitative criteria of the reservoir, experimental studies of the core samples were carried out in the laboratory. Fluid flow studies were performed where physical and hydrodynamic characteristics were determined when oil was displaced by displacing reagents. On the basis of the parameters obtained, correlations between reservoirs and non-reservoirs were constructed. Based on relationships between reservoir properties such as porosity and permeability versus residual water content, as well as effective porosity and permeability versus dynamic porosity, the boundary values were determined. Using these results, the porosity limit for the Middle and Upper Triassic strata has been determined to be 7%, the permeability limit for the Middle Triassic has been determined to be 0.02 X 10-3 μm2, and the permeability limit for the Upper Triassic has been determined to be 0.3 X 10-3 μm2.

Background. The growth of hydrocarbon reserves in the old oil and gas producing regions can be realized to a large extent due to the reinterpretation of geological and geophysical data on the old fund of wells (both within existing deposits and on areas that, under certain circumstances, were at one time assessed as unpromising). At this stage of geological exploration work, considerable work is being done to reinterprete the data of geophysical studies in the missed intervals of wells of the old fund, including exploratory wells. Similar works are carried out on deep horizons (Devonian), as well as on Mesozoic deposits, which in the last century were not of primary importance in terms of prospects in many areas. The available geological and geophysical material indicates significant difficulties in the correct identification of layers within the specified strata. Methods. The results of geophysical, petrographic and petrophysical studies on the deposits are analyzed. The methods of statistical analysis were applied in order to establish the possibility of using pattern recognition methods for lithological-facies dissection of well sections based on well-logging data. Results. Thanks to the use of neural network technology, the reliability of the traditional geological interpretation of the welllogging data was verified. The reliability of establishing the lithological-facies affiliation of individual layers in Upper Devonian, Lower, and Middle Carboniferous well sections has been increased by using an ensemble of calculated neural networks. An original approach to the implementation of neural network technology in the interpretation of geological and geophysical data is proposed. Сonclusions. The article examines the geophysical characteristics of potentially promising horizons that were previously overlooked. The problems to be solved are indicated, as well as ways to increase the reliability of the geological interpretation of welllogging data in layers of different ages. In particular, the possibility and expediency of using machine learning based on neural network technologies is considered.

P346 THE INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGICAL GEOPHYSICAL AND REMOTE SENSING DATA AT THE GOLD PROSPECTING IN WESTERN UZBEKISTAN 1 Summary In the report the technology and results of gold prospecting in the territory of Western Uzbekistan is given. At the beginning of work process perspective sites in a scale of 1:50000 were determined based on complex of geological and geophysical data. Then inside of their limits detailing was performed and zones of auriferous mineralization were determined. The technique of search is based on integrated analysis of various geological and geophysical data and high-accuracy multispectral aerophotos. Introduction 0 200 400 km

Temperature memory effect induced by incomplete transformation in TiNi-based shape memory alloy

As the cost of data acquisition increases, there is a corresponding increasing need to maximize the usefulness of the data at hand and to find quick cost-effective methods of data analysis. Computers and computer graphics techniques have been used effectively to display and help analyze geophysical data. The characteristics of such data analysis (to date) are typically (1) mountains of data (i.e., numbers), and (2) little control from the user during the analysis process. Analysis of geologic data by computer has been less successful owing to the data's qualitative nature (i.e., location of formation or geologic, province, the existence or absence of a particular rock type, etc). Here, not only is the amount of data orders of magnitude less (typically), but the data often do not have the same kind of precision as its geophysical counterpart. Further, the automatic analysis of geologic data needs a fair amount of guidance from the geologist who is familiar with the region. Interactive computing and interactive computer graphics allow the user to see results more quickly and help to involve him in the analysis process. A methodology involving this technology is presented which will take advantage of the qualitative nature of geological data and the quantitative nature of geophysical data. This technique will allow the user to combine, correlate, modify, display, and analyze both kinds of data together. Through such analysis of both geologic and geophysical data for both known and prospective sites, decisions can be made as to where to look for oil, or, at least, where to look for data which will, in turn, indicate where to look for oil. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1706------------

Understanding the formation and the development of salt structures is very important especially because they are of significant economical interest. Detailed understanding of this process will help reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon recovery. In this work, we use a combination of geological observations along with the interpretation of geophysical data (seismic and Bouguer anomaly data) to better constrain the geology of the Jbel Cheid structure. The shape of Triassic body of Jbel Cheid (Northern Tunisian Atlas) structure and its geodynamic evolution have been determined by gravity analyses and 2.5D modeling, correlated with others geophysical data (seismic) and geological observations. Semi-automatic structural analysis was performed before modeling, to identify lateral gravity discontinuities. The complete Bouguer and residual gravity anomaly maps indicate a positive amplitude gravity anomaly over the Triassic evaporitic outcrop (Jbel Cheid) and prominent NE–SW-trending features associated with the boundary of the Triassic rocks and surrounded layers. The seismic profile shows a thickness variation of post-salt layers. Taking into account the 2.5D gravity model, seismic profile and surface data, geodynamic evolution of Jbel Cheid can be subdivided on three stages (reactive, active, and passive) which well correlated to the model proposed by Vendeville (2002).

In January of 2002, Waha Oil Company discovered a new giant oil field in the SE region of the Sirte Basin. This discovery is situated north of Waha’s giant Gialo oil field, which produces hydrocarbon from Oligocene, Eocene & Paleocene. The new oil field is a combination structuralstratigraphical trap produced from the highly fractured Pre-Upper Cretaceous Nubian sandstones which developed on the northern flank of the Gialo Basement High. Currently, the estimated STOOIP is over five billion barrels of OIP of 43° API gravity. The exploration activities for hydrocarbons in the North Gialo area dates back to the early 60’s. In the 70’s four exploration wells were drilled in Waha acreage and the Nubian formation was tested without encountering any commercial hydrocarbon accumulation. In the mid 90’s, a new hydrocarbon entrapment concept was proposed, asserting hydrocarbon accumulation in the Nubian formation, leading to the acquisition of new 3D seismic. Based on which Waha proposed in November 2001, the spudding of the discovery well 6J1-59. The well encountered a 1600-foot gross oil column before reaching the oil water contact. To date, we have drilled 17 appraisal wells, of which 16 have tested positive for oil and gas, to delineate the extent of the reserves. In the most favorable reservoir location a 1639 foot thick oil column has been encountered. Waha estimates, given the present data, that the field covers more than 108 square kilometers. The eastern and southern extensions of the field are still to be defined by recently acquired 3D seismic data. The discovery of this new giant oil field which is in a mature exploration area and is based on an alternative interpretation of the geological and geophysical data, adds value to the potential reserves to be found in the Sirte Basin. We hope that our discovery will be taken as an exploration model by the oil industry in Libya and will instigate a new generation of giant oil fields.

The method of tomographic geological sections construction based on the geoindicative geological and geophysical data has been fulfilled. Geoindicators is the fields of formalized signes of geological objects (subsurface substantial-structural nonuniform space), revealed during approximation of geophysical anomalies and processing of satellite images. Geoindicative analysis of geological and geophysical data is effective one on any stage of oil and gas prospecting. It’s results can serve as universal base for regularities of fields location studying and for development of forecast criteria.

Borehole geophysical techniques to define stratigraphy, alteration and aquifers in basalt

The article presents the results of scientific research on the creation of computer technology for the interpretation of geophysical field data in the exploration of oil-and-gas deposits of Ukraine. The theoretical, informational, technological and methodical foundations for increasing the efficiency of geological exploration work due to the in-depth extraction of information from geological and geophysical data based on their complex interpretation within the framework of new mathematical models have been developed. Three-dimensional gravity and magnetometric modeling can be directed to the detection of densification zones and the tracing of tectonic disturbances in the consolidated crust, without which the existence of hydrocarbon transportation channels is impossible. The practical application of examples of quantitative interpretation of three-component magnetic survey data is given, which will significantly help in the detection and localization of hydrocarbon deposits. Development and expansion of the software complex for the interpretation of magnetotelluric data based on the use of impedance-type boundary conditions. The technique is intended for visualization of MTS data at the stage of qualitative interpretation in parallel with the method of the impedance tensor and Wiese vectors. The absolute advantage of this approach is its independence from the condition of a plane incident wave and the use of all six components of the electromagnetic field (including the Z component of the electric component of the MT field). The integration of statistical and deterministic methods during the inversion of geophysical data will increase the re-liability of the obtained geological results. The relevance and importance of the results presented in the work is determined by the conceptual novelty of methods and tools for forecasting new promising areas, as well as the reassessment of reserves of known deposits.

ABSTRACTAlthough the Bathurst Mining Camp has been explored for more than 40 years, high‐resolution airborne geophysical survey has led to the detection of several new volcanogenic massive sulphide occurrences in the region. The discovery of these concealed exploration targets depended directly on the knowledge of the multi‐parameter signature of the major deposits and the search for the repeatability of these signatures in other regions. The Heath Steele B deposit, within the southern part of the Bathurst Mining Camp, together with an associated magnetite‐rich iron formation and adjacent tuffaceous sedimentary rocks, produced strong, co‐extensive magnetic and conductivity anomalies. However, the strong anomalies observed in the geophysical data can be related to non‐mineralised lithology such as mafic dykes or graphite. So a direct identification of exploration targets using geophysical data only can be difficult. For this reason, the joint interpretation of geophysical and geochemical signature can considerably improve the identification of new deposits. Using these techniques, we identify three new possible targets, characterised by local magnetic and apparent conductive highs. Two of these areas are located in the Heath Steele belt, and their geochemistry has been studied in detail. The proximity of these targets (less than 1.5 km) from known occurrences of hydrothermal sediments (magnetite, siderite, and stilpnomelane) confirms their exploration potential. The fourth identified area is most likely associated with a regional anomaly related to an unmapped ferromagnetic structure and was earlier disregarded as a possible target. The joint interpretation of geophysical and geochemical data allowed us to identify two new targets for exploration and to exclude one area interpreted as associated with a regional anomaly. Therefore, the search parameters (physical proprieties and hydrothermal sediment geochemical pattern distribution) are established with a success index of 75%. The index was limited by the absence of geochemistry data over the third target. The procedure presented in this paper can be used to search for new targets elsewhere in the Bathurst area and even in other base metal regions.