Abstract
This chapter focuses on recent advances in the chemistry of strained organic molecules, ranging from saturated polycyclic hydrocarbons to the highly pyramidalized three-dimensional open-cage fullerene derivatives for molecular containers. Chemical bonds in a strained molecule exhibit deviation from normal values and these outcomes would lead to increase in energy or instability. Sterically strained alkenes may be caused by bond angle compression and expansion, twisting, and pyramidalization of p-bond. The deformation of the alkynyl moiety is determined by measuring the C=CC bond angle deviated from the linear structure. An [n,n]cyclophane is composed of two aromatic rings tethered by two alkyl chains. The chapter discusses the essential properties, theoretical aspect, and recent advances of helicenes. Introduction of five-membered rings into sp2 carbon hexagonal p-networks allows formation of bowl-shaped arenes, according to the Euler's rule. Many C60 derivatives have been found to have practical applications. Keywords: aromatic rings; bowl-shaped arenes; C60; chemical bonds; cyclophane; helicenes; polycyclic hydrocarbons; strained alkenes; strained organic molecules
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