Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polypeptides have gained attention because desirable bioactive properties can be easily imparted to them while keeping their biocompatibility and biodegradability intact. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in various stimuli-responsive polypeptides (pH, reduction, oxidation, glucose, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and enzyme) over the past five years. Various synthetic strategies exploited for advanced polypeptide-based materials are introduced, and their applicability in biomedical fields is discussed. The recent polypeptides imparted with new stimuli-responsiveness and their novel chemical and physical properties are explained in this review.
Highlights
Stimuli-responsive polymers can respond to specific stimuli such as pH, temperature, redox-potential, light, enzymes, etc. and change their chemical or physical properties [1].Stimuli-triggered changes by a specific stimulus elicit the desirable properties only at the diseased sites while minimizing unwanted side effects [1,2]
When the glucose level became elevated, the glucose-responsive nanogel was highly swollen by the ionization of the PBA moieties, thereby releasing the loaded insulin [49]. Another glucose-responsive polypeptide was developed using a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-poly-L-aspartic acid block copolypeptide [50]. 3-aminophenylboronic acid was covalently bonded to the carboxylic acid groups by forming amid bonds [50]
Its pKa value is estimated to be 7.2, at which the sugar molecules bind to the fluorophenylboronic acid (FPBA) at pH 7.4 while the complex is broken at a low pH (Figure 8) [53]
Summary
Stimuli-responsive polymers can respond to specific stimuli such as pH, temperature, redox-potential, light, enzymes, etc. and change their chemical or physical properties [1]. Stimuli-triggered changes by a specific stimulus elicit the desirable properties only at the diseased sites while minimizing unwanted side effects [1,2]. Considering their controllable characteristics, stimuli-responsive polymers have been widely used in various biomedical fields [1,2]. It is difficult for SPPS to elongate the peptide backbone due to extremely low yields and non-cost-effectiveness [6] The latter one is the prevalent method that is capable of synthesizing elongated polypeptides and forming various architectures sequencing amino acid residues is impossible [5]. Schematic illustration of representative stimuli-responsive polypeptides used in biomedical fields
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
