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Abstract
This study examined the effect of chitosan elicitor with four different concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/l) on physiological and biochemical properties of stevia under four levels of salinity stress (0, 50, 100, 150 mM level of NaCl). Salt stress caused reduction of chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), total chlorophyll, carotenoid and total protein content. The increment of malondialdehyde (MDA) content was not significant in all NaCl levels, while the CAT and POX activities were increased as well as stevioside and rebaudioside A under salinity stress. On one side, chitosan treatments could compensate the reduction of physiological traits such as photosynthetic pigments and protein content. On the other side, chitosan caused multiple increases in malondialdehyde content, antioxidant enzymes activity (catalase and peroxidase), steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside A) under salt stress. We report for the first time, the potential of chitosan to enhance salinity-tolerant abilities in stevia through increment of the salt-adaptive factors and to diminish harmful damages caused by NaCl stress.
Highlights
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is an herbaceous and perennial medicinal plant, belongs to the Asteraceae family and native to Paraguay and Brazil (Pal et al 2013; Halim et al 2016)
This study examined the effect of chitosan elicitor with four different concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/l) on physiological and biochemical properties of stevia under four levels of salinity stress (0, 50, 100, 150 mM level of NaCl)
The results indicated that chitosan could modulate the composition of steviol glycosides for its function of promoting the transformation of stevioside to rebaudioside A
Summary
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is an herbaceous and perennial medicinal plant, belongs to the Asteraceae family and native to Paraguay and Brazil (Pal et al 2013; Halim et al 2016). Stevia is commonly used as natural sweetener to control diabetes and other related diseases due to the presence of diterpenoid steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside A). This type of carbohydrate is considered to be about 300 times sweeter than sucrose which causes stevia to be known as sugar leaf or sweet leaf. The significant destructive effects of salt stress are on growth, development, differentiation levels as well as primary metabolisms including photosynthesis, protein synthesis, energy production and lipid metabolism in plants (Acosta-Motos et al 2015; Wu 2018) To solve this matter, enhancement of capability of plants in order to preserve their growth and yield under salt stress condition, followed by introduction of salt-tolerant cultivars are of great importance (Munns et al 2002)
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