Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading death causes in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The modern methods of reperfusion MI therapy, such as thrombolysis, surgery and balloon revascularization, even when performed early, could fail to prevent the development of large myocardial damage zones, followed by HF. Therefore, the researches have been searching for the methods which improve functional status of damaged myocardium. This review is focused on stem cell therapy, a method aimed at cardiac function restoration. The results of experimental and clinical studies on stem cell therapy in coronary heart disease are presented. Various types of stem cells, used for cellular cardiomyoplasty, are characterised. The methods of cell transplantation into myocardium and potential adverse effects of stem cell therapy are discussed.
Highlights
Сердечная недостаточность (СН) является одной из главных причин смерти больных, перенесших инфаркт миокарда (ИМ)
The researches have been searching for the methods which improve functional status of damaged myocardium
This review is focused on stem cell therapy, a method aimed at cardiac function restoration
Summary
Сердечная недостаточность (СН) является одной из главных причин смерти больных, перенесших инфаркт миокарда (ИМ). ЭСК могут служить источником как собственно кардиомиоцитов (КМЦ), так и клетокводителей ритма и клеток Пуркинье, причем все они обладают специфическими ионными каналами и структурными белками для обеспечения электрофизиологической функции сердца [12]. Гемапоэтические стволовые клетки (ГСК) и КП не имеют специфических морфологических признаков и могут быть идентифицированы только путем определения их функциональной активности или с помощью иммунофенотипического анализа поверхностных маркеров.
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