Abstract

The data on population ecology of nilgai was collected in Aligarh District, Uttar Pradesh, India from August 2013 to June 2014. A total of 108 herds of nilgai 54 in each season (summer and winter) were encountered, respectively. The density of nilgai was found 0.49/km2 in Aligarh district. While the encounter rate was found 0.66individuals per km. There was a mark seasonal change seen in group size of nilgai i.e. 11.38 ± 2.76, and 22.83 ± 5.40 in winter and summer, respectively. The overall mean group size was found 17.10 ± 4.08. The sex ratio of nilgai was female biased, adult male:adult female ratio was found 1:3 while overall sex ratio was found 61.55%,26.32% and 44% male, yearling and calves on per 100 females, respectively. The nilgai shows mark seasonal change in their group structure. The group size was found maximum at 25% in 0-5 individual category and minimum 9.25 in >21 category in winter, while about 30% were seen in >21 category and only 11% were seen in between 0-5 category in summer season. Thus, the nilgai was found less sociable in winter and more gregarious in summer season.

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