Abstract
As the bit rate of fiber optic transmission systems is increased to more than , the system will suffer from an important random phenomena, which is called polarization mode dispersion. This phenomenon contributes effectively to: increasing pulse width, power decreasing, time jittering, and shape distortion. The time jittering means that the pulse center will shift to left or right. So that, time jittering leads to interference between neighboring pulses. On the other hand, increasing bit period will prevent the possibility of sending high rates. In this paper, an accurate mathematical analysis to increase the rates of transmission, which contain all physical random variables that contribute to determine the transmission rates, is presented. Thereafter, new mathematical expressions for: pulse power, peak power, time jittering, pulse width, and power penalty are derived. On the basis of these formulas, one can choose a certain operating values to reduce or prevent the effects of polarization mode dispersion.
Highlights
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) arises in single mode fiber and fiber optic components due to a small difference in refractive index for a particular pair of orthogonal polarization states [1,2]. This index difference results in a difference in the propagation time called differential group delay (DGD) for waves traveling in these two polarization modes [3]
There are two special orthogonal polarization states, called principal states of polarization (PSPās), at the fiber input for which the output pulse is undistorted to first order, in spite of random changes in fiber birefringence [4,5]
We proposed that the time jittering and pulse broadening effects may be reduced to minimum values by controlling on the angle between the PMD and input states of polarization (SOP) vectors
Summary
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) arises in single mode fiber and fiber optic components due to a small difference in refractive index (birefringence) for a particular pair of orthogonal polarization states [1,2]. Our objective in this paper, is to model the PMD (at first order in w ) density distribution and determined the probability of DGD that exceeds a particular value. The parameters that maximize density distributions of PMD, impulse response, and power penalty are determined. We proposed that the time jittering and pulse broadening effects may be reduced to minimum values by controlling on the angle between the PMD and input SOP vectors.
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