Abstract
We propose a novel method for constructing beam codebooks, i.e., a set of beamforming weights, to be used for beam sweeping and data transmission in mmWave massive MIMO channels. The proposed beam codebooks are designed according to the statistical distribution of the channel’s angles of departure in order to efficiently sectorize the angular space covered by the beams. In particular, the cumulative distribution function of these angles is used to sectorize the angular beam space in order to design the beams. We first present a general closed-form construction of beam codebooks for an arbitrary distribution and then tailor the results to the Laplace distribution. We consider both narrow and broad beams. The resulting beams are a priori better adapted to the channel statistics and thus enhance the spectral efficiency of the transmission as compared to the state-of-the-art beam designs. Finally, we investigate the performance of the design and also present some analytical bounds quantifying the inherent loss of a directional beamforming compared to the optimal beamforming with perfect channel state information at the transmitter.
Highlights
Generation wireless communication is expected to support various vertical industries in which there is need for wireless communication links with shorter latency, higher reliability as well as the more traditional metric of higher transmission rates
We observe that exact knowledge of the channel characteristics of the angles for the design of the beam codebook amounts to the highest achievable rates, and having a mismatch between the standard deviation value used for the beam design and that of the actual channel can reduce the performance
5 Conclusions We introduced statistical beam codebooks based on the distribution of AoDs, that can obtain higher rates as compared to the state-of-the-art designs and reach the maximum attainable rate with a much less number of beams, which in turn reduces the pilot overhead of the beam sweeping
Summary
Generation wireless communication is expected to support various vertical industries in which there is need for wireless communication links with shorter latency, higher reliability as well as the more traditional metric of higher transmission rates. In the 3GPP specifications, two types of downlink RSs can be Khormuji and Pitaval EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking (2018) 2018:196 used for a new beam identification: Channel State Information RS (CSI-RS) and Synchronization Signals (SS). The period of such RSs defines the time span of beam sweeping session. We exploit the statistical distribution of channel’s directional angles to construct closed-form non-uniform beam codebooks for an arbitrary cdf to enhance the spectral efficiency of the transmission.
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