Abstract
AbstractDEMETER was a low‐altitude satellite in operation between 2004 and 2010 in a circular polar orbit. One of its main scientific objectives was to study ionospheric perturbations related to man‐made activity. This paper investigates electromagnetic emissions triggered by Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR), the man‐made waves emitted at harmonics of 50 or 60 Hz. They look like rising tones or hooks with a starting frequency associated to a parent line with the frequency equal to a multiple of 50 or 60 Hz. They occur preferentially during daytime in a frequency band between 1 and 4 kHz. It is shown that these emissions are rather frequent at high latitudes (3 < L <6) above industrialized areas during periods of moderate magnetic activity. Their average intensity is of the order of 10 μV2 m−2 Hz−1. PLHR propagates in the magnetosphere and triggers emissions due to wave‐particle interactions in the equatorial region.
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