Static responses of accommodation and convergence to holographic images and real objects

Abstract

In three dimensional display technologies, studies on measuring accommodation and convergence responses to reconstructed images have been reported. However, the physiological characteristics of responses to reconstructed electro-holographic images are not clearly known. In this research, static responses to holographic images and real targets were measured. In addition to measuring responses, tests were conducted to evaluate the depths of reconstructed images in comparison with those of real targets, subjectively. A measurement system consisting of an electro-holographic display, real targets, and an auto refractometer was fabricated to measure accommodation and convergence responses. The display for reconstructing holographic images was a binocular eyepiece - type electro-holographic display based on a Fourier transform optical system. It was confirmed by a camera in which images were located at correct depth and had correct parallax. The target was shaped like a Maltese cross and presented in positions that were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 diopters from the subjects’ eyes. To avoid the influence of objects except targets, all experimentations were done in a dark room. Regarding the results of the measurements, it was confirmed that accommodation and convergence responses to holographic images varied depending on the position of the targets, and the behaviors of holographic images were similar to those of real targets. In addition, results of subjective evaluation showed that holographic images were recognized at nearly the same positions as real targets. Therefore, subjects were able to perceive holographic images at nearly the same positions as real objects in stereoscopic vision.