Abstract
As an independent state, Romania has not been around much more than a century. Wallachia and Moldavia only acquired autonomy as coupled principalities under Ottoman sovereignty in 1861, and only became an independent kingdom in 1881. The Kingdom of Romania, furthermore, only annexed Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Transylvania more than half of its maximum territory after astute switching of sides during World War I. In the absence of a Romanian state, nevertheless, Romanian chroniclers of the seventeenth century propounded three theories of their ethnic origins, Latinist, indigenist, and mixed: first, that a homogeneous people descended from the Roman legions and colonists established in the new province of Dacia after the emperor Trajan conquered the region in 105-106 AD; second, that a likewise homogeneous people sprang from the highly civilized Dacians already on the spot whom the Romans integrated into their empire; third, that Romans and Dacians not only mixed, but selectively assimilated some later migrants into the region.
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