State-of-the-Art Review of Hempcrete for Residential Building Construction

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Carbon-neutral and carbon-negative construction is gaining significant interest in the home building industry. Accordingly, the development of new materials and innovative redesign of the existing materials are on the rise. This paper presents the results of a review study on hempcrete as a new, emerging construction material, which is crop-based and is accordingly expected to provide a highly sustainable construction system. The paper reviews the mixture design, properties and attributes, different methods for its application in construction, building code requirements for construction of hempcrete homes, mechanical and structural properties for home building, and evaluation of the current state of hempcrete application as a non-load-bearing construction material. The paper also reviews the status of developments toward using hempcrete as a load-bearing system. The study shows a snapshot of the methods used for the construction of hempcrete buildings and touches on efforts that are ongoing to increase the compressive strength of hempcrete toward load-bearing applications. Such an increase would depend on different factors such as curing temperature and humidity, binder type and percentage, hemp-to-binder ratio, water-to-binder ratio, and additives.