Abstract
This chapter details the latest surgical advances and outcomes in the modern surgical management of male classic bladder exstrophy to include patient selection for closure, operative considerations, newborn primary bladder and posterior urethral closure, early epispadias repair, bladder neck reconstruction with an antireflux procedure, and postoperative management. It highlights how to achieve the primary objectives of (1) a secure abdominal closure, (2) reconstruction of a functional and cosmetically acceptable penis, and (3) urinary continence with the preservation of renal function. In addition, it addresses the most common pitfalls and challenges encountered when accomplishing each of the major surgical interventions. This review contains 3 figures, 5 tables, and 47 references. Key Words: Congenital defect, Bladder exstrophy, Epispadias, Reconstruction, Urinary Continence, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pain management, Pelvic osteotomy
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