Abstract
The magnetic and physical stability of permanent magnets compacted from elongated single domain iron particles in metallic and organic matrices under various environmental conditions are reported. Changes resulting from two years exposure to 95% relative cycling humidity and 100°C were measured. The influence of powder compacting temperatures, pressures, powder size, and additives are reported. Compacts with lead matrices exposed to 100°C and 95% relative humidity showed gradual magnetic and dimensional changes from insignificant variations after one month to maximums of 0.5% over a two-year period. These results compared favorably with results obtained for Alnico V magnets subjected to identical conditions. Temperatures of 200° and 250°C produced magnetic changes in the order of 1% after one month with physical degradation occurring after two months at 250°C. Magnetic changes of 1% and weight and volume changes in the order of 2% occurred in organic matrix magnets after one month at 100°C. The magnetic changes resulted from a slow oxidation of the iron particles which caused a small decrease of intrinsic saturation induction and an increase in coercive force.
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