Abstract
SrCeO3 and SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α were synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state reaction method using Sm2O3, SrCO3, CeO2 as precursors, then the SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α-NaCl-KCl composite electrolyte was fabricated by compounding SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α with NaCl-KCl and sintering it at a lower temperature (750 °C) than that of a single SrCeO3 material (1540 °C). The phase and microstructure of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The conductivities of the samples were measured in dry nitrogen atmosphere using electrochemical analyzer. The conductivities of the SrCeO3, SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α and SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α-NaCl-KCl at 700 °C were 2.09 × 10−5 S·cm−1, 1.82 × 10−3 S·cm−1 and 1.43 × 10−1 S·cm−1 respectively. The conductivities of SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α-NaCl-KCl composite electrolyte are four orders of magnitude higher than those of SrCeO3 and two orders of magnitude higher than those of SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α. The result of logσ ~ logpO2 plot indicates that SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α-NaCl-KCl is almost a pure ionic conductor. The electrolyte resistance and the polarization resistance of the H2/O2 fuel cell based on SrCe0.9Sm0.1O3-α-NaCl-KCl composite electrolyte under open-circuit condition were 1.0 Ω·cm2 and 0.2 Ω·cm2 respectively. Further, the obtained maximum power density at 700 °C was 182 mW·cm−2.
Highlights
Fuel cells have become one of the hot spots in the fields of new energy and environment protection.This is mainly because they have many advantages like high energy conversion efficiency, quiet operation, low cost and low pollution emission [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
Silver paste covered openon circuit voltage were recorded at 700 ◦ C.they acted as the current collector and porous platinum each side of the electrolyte membrane, was used as electrodes
It can be attributed to the high temperature solid state reaction method which could dense electrolyte after calcination at 1300 °C and 1540 °C for 5 h, this can be confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Summary
Fuel cells have become one of the hot spots in the fields of new energy and environment protection. The perovskite-type solid electrolytes based on SrCeO3 exhibits predominant proton conduction under a hydrogen-containing atmosphere. They have various applications in hydrogen sensor, fuel cell and membrane reactors, etc. Research reveals that there are still challenges because the conductivity of trivalent cations-doped SrCeO3 is not high enough to meet the commercial application of solid oxide fuel cells. There are only a few reports by Huang’s group and our group based on composite electrolytes of perovskite-type protonic conductors, such as BaCeO3 and SrCeO3 using inorganic salt for intermediate temperature fuel cell [27,28,29,30].
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