Abstract
Turkey is one of the main centers of diversity for the bryophytes. Spore morphology has been useful in taxonomy. This study includes spore morphology of Orthotrichaceae, Grimmiaceae, Encalyptaceae, Hypnaceae, Pottiaceae, Brachytheciaceae and Bryaceae taxa. The aims of this study are to provide a detailed taxonomical, morphological, ecological and paleobotanical characterization of Bryophyta in Turkey. The spores of some Bryophyta taxa were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy for the first time. The apertural region forms a leptoma in all spores. The spore morphology of the examined taxa of the families belonged to granulate, granulate-pliate, verrucate, baculate-verrucate, rugulate, rugulate-verrucate, gemmate types (smooth, finely papillose, warty, coarsely papillose). The spore shape of all studied species was spheroid. The spore wall of the Bryophyta included sclerine and intine. The examined species of mosses belonged to three habitat types: corticolous, saxicolous and terrestrial type. We also discussed the taxonomical and ecological implications of the some Bryophyta with respect to its spore morphology
Highlights
Spore morphology has been useful in taxonomy
Anatolia is located at the intersection of Europe and Asia, and climatically, it is situated in an area where the climates of the Mediterranean, Iran– Turan and Europe–Siberia overlap
The purpose of this study was to define the spore morphology of Bryophyta to aid studies in taxonomy, ecology, and paleobotany
Summary
Anatolia is located at the intersection of Europe and Asia, and climatically, it is situated in an area where the climates of the Mediterranean, Iran– Turan and Europe–Siberia overlap. This variety increases due to the presence of formations such as mountains, plains, streams and valleys within short distances, and as a result of all of these characteristics, the phytogeographical structure of Anatolia displays multiple varieties. This varied phytogeographical structure contains non-vascular plants as well as vascular plants. In the studies carried out in Turkey to-date, 163 taxa (species and sub-species) in the Hepaticae class, 3 species
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