Spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome, as a presenting feature in a patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Abstract

Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is a common problem in patients on treatment for malignancies; Spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome, however is a rare condition and should be suspected in patients with unexplained renal failure having typical biochemical abnormalities of hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia and hypocalcemia. It may sometimes be the first manifestation of an underling malignancy. Herein we present a case of spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome with Acute kidney injury, requiring hemodialysis, as the initial manifestation of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). He responded well to hemodialysis and was able to tolerate the subsequent chemotherapy.