Abstract
On March and April in 1895, Lafcadio Hearn and Basil Hall Chamberlain controverted on Herbert Spencer's psychological theories in their correspondence. This controvercy is remarkable, for it shows wide difference between the two authors in their points of view on the study of Japanese culture. Hearn explained each nation's psychological characteristics as “the aggregates of race-experience” and Chamberlain emphasized the importace of transmission and borrowing from nation to nation. This paper tries to follow this controversy to examine Hearn's unique understanding of Spencer's works, and concludes that he had read into Spencer his belief in each nation's particular psychological identity.
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