Abstract
BackgroundAdaptive training is an approach in which training variables change with the needs and traits of individual trainees. It has potential to mitigate the effect of personality traits such as impulsiveness on surgical performance. Selective performance feedback is one way to implement adaptive training. This paper investigates whether selective feedback can direct performance of trainees of either high- or low impulsiveness.MethodsA total of 83 inexperienced medical students of known impulsiveness performed a four-session laparoscopic training course on a Virtual Reality Simulator. They performed two identical series of tasks every session. During one series of tasks they received performance feedback on duration and during the other series they received feedback on damage. Performance parameters (duration and damage) were compared between the two series of tasks to assess whether selective performance feedback can be used to steer emphasis in performance. To assess the effectiveness of selective feedback for people of high- or low impulsiveness, the difference in performance between the two series for both duration and damage was also assessed.ResultsParticipants were faster when given performance feedback for speed for all exercises in all sessions (average z-value = − 4.14, all p values < .05). Also, they performed better on damage control when given performance feedback for damage in all tasks and during all sessions except for one (average z-value = − 4.19, all but one p value < .05). Impulsiveness did not impact the effectiveness of selective feedback.ConclusionSelective feedback on either duration or damage can be used to improve performance for the variable that the trainee receives feedback on. Trainee impulsiveness did not modulate this effect. Selective feedback can be used to steer training focus in adaptive training systems and can mitigate the negative effects of impulsiveness on damage control.
Highlights
Adaptive training is an approach in which training variables change with the needs and traits of individual trainees
Adaptive training has been proven effective in a variety of novel educational fields [18,19,20,21,22], including virtual reality (VR) based training and serious gaming [23, 24]
To not negatively impact the power of our study by introducing additional variables, we focused on the personality trait of impulsiveness in this study
Summary
Adaptive training is an approach in which training variables change with the needs and traits of individual trainees. Variables such as the difficulty level of the training task are varied as a function of trainee performance, to maximize learning and keep the trainee’s interest level high [14]. Other examples are adjusting task difficulty to individual differences such as personality or learning styles, or altering perceived difficulty levels by modifying performance standards [16, 17]. Advantages of this type of training are among others: a personalized learning experience, focused remediation of individual weaknesses in skilled performance, and its ability to give teachers a better insight in the students’ capabilities. Adaptive training has been proven effective in a variety of novel educational fields [18,19,20,21,22], including virtual reality (VR) based training and serious gaming [23, 24]
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