Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is phenomenon in which introduced double-stranded RNAs (ds-RNAs) silence gene expression through specific degradation of their cognate mRNAs. RNAi has been observed in a wide variety of organisms and is considered to be a feature of nearly all eukaryotes. The mediators of sequence specific messenger RNA degradation are 21-23 nucleotide small interfering RNAs generated by ribonucleaseIII cleavage from longer dsRNAs. To investigate the potential of dsRNA to interfere with the function of HIV-1 genes, we have designed six longer dsRNAs containing the HIV-1 gag and env genes. Double-stranded RNAs were tested for inhibitory effects using monkey COS cells. In these anti-HIV-1 activity tests, the dsRNAs targeted to the HIV-1 env sequence showed more than 90% anti-HIV-1 efficiency. Our results show that dsRNA interference can be used as a powerful method for the inhibition of HIV-1 gene expression.
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