Specific inhibition of fungal sterol biosynthesis by SF 86-327, a new allylamine antimycotic agent.

Abstract

SF 86-327 is a new antimycotic agent of the allylamine type. Its primary action appears to be the inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis at the point of squalene epoxidation, as was previously found with the related compound naftifine. Biosynthesis was measured by incorporation of [14C]acetate into sterols in cells of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Torulopsis glabrata, and the dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagrophytes. There was a positive correlation between the SF 86-327 concentrations needed for inhibition of growth and of sterol synthesis in these four fungi. The greater antifungal efficacy of SF 86-327 in comparison with naftifine was also reflected in the relative activities of the two compounds as sterol synthesis inhibitors. Inhibition was maximal at neutral pH. A similar degree of inhibition was found in cell-free extracts when [14C]mevalonate was used as substrate. In all cases, inhibition of sterol synthesis was accompanied by a parallel accumulation of labeled squalene. SF 86-327 and naftifine had no significant effect on initial enzymes of the ergosterol pathway, measured by incorporation of [14C]acetyl coenzyme A, or on steps distal to squalene epoxidation, measured by conversion of labeled squalene 2,3-epoxide or lanosterol. Both allylamines were highly selective for fungal, as opposed to mammalian, sterol biosynthesis. SF 86-327 caused slight inhibition of squalene epoxidation in a rat liver cell-free system, but at concentrations three to four orders of magnitude greater than those required for inhibition of the fungal pathway.