Abstract
This paper presents a crack characterization method by spatio-temporal gradient analysis over the Lamb wave field. The surface ultrasound waves that propagate in the direction of the layer are potential candidates of nondestructive testing (NDT) methodology. The proposed method has an ability to classify the surface acoustic wave field through the rank of the covariance matrix defined over the four-dimensional vector space which is spanned by the following components: a vertical displacement, its vertical velocity, and a pair of shear strains of the surface. The covariance matrix provides the information about cracks. The determinant of the covariance matrix, therefore, is proposed as the index of homogeneity of the object surface. In this study, the computational process in the wave field near the cracks is discussed and their physical meanings are investigated through FDTD-simulations and acoustic experiments.
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