Abstract
Accurate estimation of the aboveground biomass (AGB) of grassland is a key link in understanding the regional carbon cycle. We used 501 aboveground measurements, 29 environmental variables, and machine learning algorithms to construct and verify a custom model of grassland biomass in the Headwater of the Yellow River (HYR) and selected the random forest model to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and dynamic trends of the biomass in the HYR from 2001 to 2020. The research results show that: (1) the random forest model is superior to the other three models (R2val = 0.56, RMSEval = 51.3 g/m2); (2) the aboveground biomass in the HYR decreases spatially from southeast to northwest, and the annual average value and total values are 176.8 g/m2 and 20.73 Tg, respectively; (3) 69.51% of the area has shown an increasing trend and 30.14% of the area showed a downward trend, mainly concentrated in the southeast of Hongyuan County, the northeast of Aba County, and the north of Qumalai County. The research results can provide accurate spatial data and scientific basis for the protection of grassland resources in the HYR.
Highlights
The grassland ecosystem is the largest terrestrial biosystem on the earth’s surface, accounting for about 40% of the total land area [1], and plays an important role in global carbon cycle and climate regulation [2]
The aboveground biomass in the Headwater of the Yellow River (HYR) has a positive correlation with the rem sensing vegetation index (Table 5), indicating that it is basically feasible to use the vege tion index to monitor grassland biomass
The aboveground biomass in the HYR has a positive correlation with the remote sensing vegetation index (Table 5), indicating that it is basically feasible to use the vegetation index to monitor grassland biomass
Summary
The grassland ecosystem is the largest terrestrial biosystem on the earth’s surface, accounting for about 40% of the total land area [1], and plays an important role in global carbon cycle and climate regulation [2]. Grassland plays a role in modulating climate, windresistant sand, maintaining soil and ecological balance, and the economic development of the pastoral area, maintaining the sustainable development of animal husbandry [3,4]. The current status and changing trend of grassland aboveground biomass reflects whether the utilization of grassland is scientific and reasonable, which is the focus of ecological environment protection and the sustainable development of animal husbandry [5,6]. The aboveground biomass (AGB) can be predicted by direct methods (by harvesting the biomass) and by indirect methods (including the use of remote sensing tools). Remote sensing technology has low-cost and can monitor the current status and dynamic changes of grassland resources
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