Abstract
One of the complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is cognitive deficit, developing as a result of neurodegenerative changes in the brain. The aims of the present work were to study learning and spatial memory in rats with streptozotocin DM1 of different durations (1.5 and 6 months) and to investigate the activity of the adenylate cyclase signal system (ACSS) in the brain, this system being sensitive to serotonin and dopamine receptor agonists. Rats with DM1 for 1.5 months showed no impairment to spatial memory in a Morris water maze. When the duration of DM1 was increased to six months, spatial memory and learning ability decreased. Impaired regulation of adenylate cyclase by types 1 and 6 serotonin receptor antagonists and type 2 dopamine receptors was seen at both durations of DM1, indicating that these are primary in the development of cognitive deficit. Impairments to the ACSS can be regarded as key factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunctions in DM1. It is hypothesized that cognitive deficit develops only at the late stages of DM1, and results from impairments to the serotonin and dopamine signal systems of the brain.
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