Abstract
The kernel of this study is to x-ray the extent of radio coverage of two Frequency Modulated (FM) radio stations (AKBC 90.5MHz and Passion FM 94.5MHz), both located in Uyo, Nigeria. Measurement of signal strengths were carried out across 14 locations using a digital spectrum analyzer. A GPS app was used to take measurements of distance, elevation, longitude and latitude. The collected data was analyzed in the form of scattered plot, contour plots, bar charts, graphs and correlation analysis. For AKBC, good reception was received by users at locations N, C, L, and F. For Passion FM, excellent reception was obtained at locations N, F, A and B. For both stations under investigation, location N had the best reception while location E had poor reception. To establish the effects of Line of Sight (LOS) distance on signal strength, correlation values of – 0.84 and - 0.67 were obtained for AKBC and Passion FM. For signal strength against elevation, 0.71 and 0.55 were the correlation values obtained for AKBC and Passion FM. This shows that an increase in distance from the transmitting antenna led to a decrease in reception while an increase in elevation led to an increase in reception. Existing and intending radio stations in Uyo, are advised to increase the height of their transmitter and transmitting power for better reception and coverage.
Highlights
Frequency modulation (FM) is the transmission of information over a carrier wave by varying its frequency while radio wave propagation is the transfer of energy at radio frequency, from the transmitter to the receiver [1],[2]
The kernel of this study is to x-ray the extent of radio coverage of two Frequency Modulated (FM) radio stations (AKBC 90.5MHz and Passion FM 94.5MHz), both located in Uyo, Nigeria
The frequency range of 87.5 MHz to 108.0 MHz are dedicated to FM radio transmission which are propagated through space waves technique which consist of direct and ground reflected waves
Summary
Frequency modulation (FM) is the transmission of information over a carrier wave by varying its frequency while radio wave propagation is the transfer of energy at radio frequency, from the transmitter to the receiver [1],[2]. Ground electrical parameters – refractivity, reflectivity, conductivity, permittivity and bulging on the radio path, as well as prevailing meteorological conditions, have glaring impact on the transmitting radio waves [3],[4],[5],[6]. Gauging the strength of radio signals over a given location is important for determining the quality of service of a broadcast station over such location [9]. It plays important roles in the analysis of signal coverage area, estimation of signal interference, frequency re-use, as well as allocation of channel frequency and transmitting power
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