Abstract
A common issue encountered in photoemission electron sources used in electron accelerators is the transverse inhomogeneity of the laser distribution resulting from the laser-amplification process and often use of frequency up conversion in nonlinear crystals. A inhomogeneous laser distribution on the photocathode produces charged beams with lower beam quality. In this paper, we explore the possible use of microlens arrays (fly-eye light condensers) to dramatically improve the transverse uniformity of the drive laser pulse on UV photocathodes. We also demonstrate the use of such microlens arrays to generate transversely-modulated electron beams and present a possible application to diagnose the properties of a magnetized beam.
Highlights
Photoemission electron sources are widespread and serve as backbones of an increasing number of applications including high-energy particle accelerators, acceleratorbased light sources and ultrafast electron diffraction
We demonstrate a capability of microlens arrays to generate transversely modulated electron beams and present an application of such a feature to diagnose the properties of a magnetized beam
We establish the usefulness of the microlens arrays (MLAs) to control the electron beam distribution in a series of experiments carried out at two accelerator beam lines available at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA) facility [7]: the AWA drive beam (AWA-DB) injector was used to explore the homogenization process and the transport of modulated beam to ∼50 MeV while the AWA witness-beam (AWA-WB) injector supported the multibeam application to measure the magnetization of a magnetized beam
Summary
Photoemission electron sources are widespread and serve as backbones of an increasing number of applications including high-energy particle accelerators, acceleratorbased light sources and ultrafast electron diffraction. In addition to its homogenizing capability, we demonstrate that the proposed technique can produce a periodic transverse pattern, consisting of a two-dimensional array of beamlets. This type of a beam could find application in beam-based diagnostics of accelerator beam lines, single-shot quantum-efficiency map measurement, and coherent light sources in the THz regime or at shorter wavelengths [5,6]. We establish the usefulness of the MLAs to control the electron beam distribution in a series of experiments carried out at two accelerator beam lines available at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA) facility [7]: the AWA drive beam (AWA-DB) injector was used to explore the homogenization process and the transport of modulated beam to ∼50 MeV while the AWA witness-beam (AWA-WB) injector supported the multibeam application to measure the magnetization of a magnetized beam
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