Abstract
Sleeping sickness re-emerged in southeastern Uganda in the 1970s and remains a public health problem. It has continued to spread north into new districts, and gaps remain in the understanding of the causes of its spread and distribution. We report the distribution and magnitude of sleeping sickness in southeastern Uganda from 1970 to 2003. Data were collected from records of the Ugandan Ministry of Health, individual sleeping sickness treatment centers, and interviews with public health officials. Data were used to develop incidence maps over time, conduct space-time cluster detection analyses, and develop a velocity vector map to visualize spread of sleeping sickness over time in southeastern Uganda. Results show rapid propagation of sleeping sickness from its epicenter in southern Iganga District and its spread north into new districts and foci.
Highlights
Sleeping sickness reemerged in southeastern Uganda in the 1970s and remains a public health problem
An outbreak was detected for the first time in Soroti District in 1998 [7], followed by Sleeping sickness is the human form of African trypanosomiasis, a protozoal parasitic disease affecting humans, livestock, and many sylvatic species in sub-Saharan Africa
The creation of additional treatment centers over the study period and differential quality of diagnostic and treatment facilities throughout the study area may contribute to spatial bias in the data
Summary
Sleeping sickness reemerged in southeastern Uganda in the 1970s and remains a public health problem. An outbreak was detected for the first time in Soroti District in 1998 [7], followed by Sleeping sickness is the human form of African trypanosomiasis (caused by Trypanosoma spp.), a protozoal parasitic disease affecting humans, livestock, and many sylvatic species in sub-Saharan Africa. It is transmitted by the tsetse fly vector (Glossina spp.) and in cattle is a serious constraint to livestock development in subSaharan Africa [1,2,3].
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