Spatial analysis of rice phenology using Sentinel-2 and UAV in Parakan Salak, Sukabumi Regency

Abstract

West Java is the third province with the largest area of paddy field. On the province scale, there are five districts with more than 60,000 hectares of the paddy field area. Sukabumi is fifth largest districts with 6.8% of the area covered with paddy field. Although it is not the greatest number, Sukabumi is the largest producer of paddy with more than 6 ton per hectare, especially in 2011. Rice is the primary food for most of Indonesian. Therefore, monitoring the rice planting regarding the phenology, planting area, and productivity is a critical process. Information from the process is very important to address the national issue of food security. This study aims to generate spatial and temporal information on rice phenology. This study uses the excellence of remote sensing technology to cover a big area of paddy field. Sentinel-2 imageries and photos from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) are being applied to generate Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). With NDVI, this study determines the growth stage of paddy by discriminating each stage based on the spectral value. The planting phases that have discovered in the area are land preparation, vegetative, generative, and harvesting. Based on the NDVI value, it is known that the vegetative stage ranges from 0.181 to 0.80. The study concludes that result from Sentinel-2 and UAV can be used to show the distribution of paddy based on different growth stage.