Abstract
In the array systems, the mutual coupling effect between antennas degrades the estimation performance of direction of arrival (DOA) significantly. In this paper, the DOA estimation problem in a uniform linear array (ULA) is investigated, and a novel system model is formulated by exploiting the mutual coupling effect and the signal sparsity in the spatial domain. In the traditionally compressed sensing (CS)-based system model, the spatial domain is discretized into grids, and the off-grid gap limits the further improvement of the estimation performance. Therefore, the novel system model is proposed by considering both the off-grid problem and the unknown mutual coupling effect. Moreover, a novel algorithm, named sparse off-grid DOA estimation with unknown mutual coupling effect (SODMC), is proposed and updates the unknown parameters including the DOA, the mutual coupling vector, and the off-grid vector iteratively. Simulation results show that compared with state-of-the-art methods, the proposed SODMC algorithm improves the DOA estimation performance significantly in the scenario with unknown mutual coupling effect.
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