Sources of fluids and material for gold and antimony mineralization in the Adychanskii ore region (East Yakutia, Russia)

Abstract

The peculiarities of fluid inclusions; the O and C isotope composition of host rocks, vein minerals, and inclusions; and the S and Pb isotope composition of sulfides allowed us to distinguish two groups of fluids with a similar temperature, salinity, and source of the aqueous part produced upon metagenesis and mobilized during collisional events. Quartz-A precipitates from the CO2–H2O hydrocarbonate–Na fluid with a salinity of 7–10 wt % eq. NaCl at a depth of ∼6 km (290–340°C, 1550 bar). Regeneration of quartz (quartz-C), precipitation of quartz-B, and quartz-AB with carbonate and chlorite occurred at a depth from 3.5 to 1.5 km (250–380°C, 1250–900–350 bar) from CO2–CH4–N hydrous sulfate–hydrocarbonate Na–Mg fluids with Cl–, Ca, and K and a salinity of 5–10 wt % eq. NaCl, and a wide variety of impurities. The localization of veins in sinistral shear dislocations and strong heterogeneity in the P–T conditions allow us to explain the formation of fluid-2 by the postcollisional events.