Abstract
A wave-theoretic tool, the source kernel, is introduced to describe the sensitivity of the finite-frequency underwater noise cross-correlation function to the location of the noise sources taking into account the refractive features of the ocean environment. The cross correlation of the noise field at two receivers conveys information about the corresponding time-domain Green’s function (TDGF), provided that sufficient energy is channeled into the acoustic paths connecting the two locations. The efficiency of the TDGF recovery is determined by the receiver and noise source locations and characteristics, as well as by the refraction properties of the ocean sound channel. The source kernel takes these characteristics into account and highlights the locations where noise sources can have maximum impact on the cross-correlation output. The distribution and coherence of the noise sources can be specified in a variety of ways to investigate a wide range of scenarios, from random noise-source distributions to coherent radiators. [Work supported by the Office of Naval Research.]
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