Abstract
Solo recientemente la investigación del fenómeno megalítico ibérico ha comenzado a beneficiarse de la ampliación del potencial técnico y científico de la arqueología moderna. Todavía son muy pocos los megalitos ibéricos para los que se han realizado investigaciones científicas de alta resolución, capaces de aportar datos detallados sobre su diseño, usos y biografías.En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del estudio del tholos del complejo megalítico de Palacio III (Almadén de la Plata, Sevilla), abordado mediante una metodología multidisciplinar que integra la geoarqueología, el estudio tecnomorfológico y funcional de la cultura material portable y el análisis gráfico, dentro de una meticulosa valoración contextual.Los resultados aportan datos muy novedosos respecto a cómo, a través de una serie de elecciones culturales cuidadosamente construidas, este monumento representa un verdadero lugar de encuentro entre los recursos geológicos localmente disponibles y los recursos accesibles mediante contacto con otras comunidades.Bien en su forma bruta, bien labrada en forma de esculturas grabadas y pintadas o transformada en artefactos de alto valor técnico y personal, la materialidad de la piedra adquiere en Palacio III múltiples dimensiones culturales que solo a través de la moderna investigación científica es posible reconstruir.
Highlights
The Palacio III megalithic funerary complex is located 65 km north of Seville, in a sector of the Almadén de la Plata municipality known as Dehesa de Palacio (Fig. 1)
The broad-spectrum study of the stone materials used in the architecture, sculptures and portable material culture of the Palacio III tholos tomb leads to a number of conclusions
The list of rocks used in the architecture and portable material culture is very long
Summary
The Palacio III megalithic funerary complex is located 65 km north of Seville, in a sector of the Almadén de la Plata municipality known as Dehesa de Palacio (Fig. 1) This site was discovered in the mid-1990s by Miguel Ángel Vargas Durán and was later excavated jointly by the Universities of Seville and Southampton in two seasons that took place between 7 August and 7 September 2001 and 2 and 27 April 2002. This paper deals with the analysis of the lithic resources used in the architecture, sculptures and portable material culture of Structure 2 at Palacio III This structure appears to be a ‘classic’ corbelled-chamber monument (tholos) with a short corridor of 2 m in length and a maximum width of 0.6 m that leads to a circular chamber, partly cut into the bedrock (making it a ‘semi-hypogeum’) of between 2.3 m and 2.6 m in diameter. Before the stone materiality of an Iberian megalithic monument has been studied from such a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary perspective, including geology, technology and art
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